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4337

ERC-4337 smart-account infrastructure

account infrastructure · week 2026-W36

One unit is
one deployed smart account
Entry costs
gas

What we measured

Arbitrum

Intersectedsampled smart account that ALSO holds an ERC-8004 agent id or settles x402
0.4%1n=250Indicator
unrecognised factoriesDeployed
51.2%1,220n=2384Indicator
ZeroDevDeployedzerodev
29.5%703n=2384Indicator
AlchemyDeployedalchemy
8.9%213n=2384Indicator
SafeDeployed
8.7%207n=2384Indicator
CoinbaseDeployedcoinbase-agentic-wallets
0.9%22n=2384Indicator
thirdwebDeployedthirdweb-ai
0.6%15n=2384Indicator
BiconomyDeployed
0.2%4n=2384Indicator
  • A raw deployment count is NEVER an adoption figure. Coinbase Smart Wallet is the same contract behind consumer Coinbase Wallet, and every factory here serves ordinary humans. Read the intersected row instead.
  • These factory addresses are not in our confirmed contract set, so they are counted but attributed to no product. The unrecognised share is the honest measure of how much of this market we cannot see.
  • This is the only figure on this venue that may be described as adoption, and it is still an indicator rather than proof — an account can hold an agent id without being an agent. Both legs are one-week windows; an account that settled x402 last month does not appear.

Base

Intersectedsampled smart account that ALSO holds an ERC-8004 agent id or settles x402
0%0n=250Indicator
SafeDeployed
76.9%51,874n=67496Indicator
unrecognised factoriesDeployed
11.2%7,579n=67496Indicator
ZeroDevDeployedzerodev
6.5%4,394n=67496Indicator
CoinbaseDeployedcoinbase-agentic-wallets
4.8%3,264n=67496Indicator
AlchemyDeployedalchemy
0.5%328n=67496Indicator
BiconomyDeployed
0.1%41n=67496Indicator
thirdwebDeployedthirdweb-ai
0%16n=67496Indicator
  • A raw deployment count is NEVER an adoption figure. Coinbase Smart Wallet is the same contract behind consumer Coinbase Wallet, and every factory here serves ordinary humans. Read the intersected row instead.
  • These factory addresses are not in our confirmed contract set, so they are counted but attributed to no product. The unrecognised share is the honest measure of how much of this market we cannot see.
  • This is the only figure on this venue that may be described as adoption, and it is still an indicator rather than proof — an account can hold an agent id without being an agent. Both legs are one-week windows; an account that settled x402 last month does not appear.

Ethereum

Intersectedsampled smart account that ALSO holds an ERC-8004 agent id or settles x402
0%0n=250Indicator
unrecognised factoriesDeployed
43.5%217n=499Indicator
SafeDeployed
30.1%150n=499Indicator
CoinbaseDeployedcoinbase-agentic-wallets
12.8%64n=499Indicator
AlchemyDeployedalchemy
9%45n=499Indicator
ZeroDevDeployedzerodev
3.4%17n=499Indicator
BiconomyDeployed
0.6%3n=499Indicator
thirdwebDeployedthirdweb-ai
0.6%3n=499Indicator
  • This is the only figure on this venue that may be described as adoption, and it is still an indicator rather than proof — an account can hold an agent id without being an agent. Both legs are one-week windows; an account that settled x402 last month does not appear.
  • A raw deployment count is NEVER an adoption figure. Coinbase Smart Wallet is the same contract behind consumer Coinbase Wallet, and every factory here serves ordinary humans. Read the intersected row instead.
  • These factory addresses are not in our confirmed contract set, so they are counted but attributed to no product. The unrecognised share is the honest measure of how much of this market we cannot see.

Optimism

Intersectedsampled smart account that ALSO holds an ERC-8004 agent id or settles x402
0%0n=250Indicator
AlchemyDeployedalchemy
38.9%107n=275Indicator
unrecognised factoriesDeployed
18.9%52n=275Indicator
SafeDeployed
14.5%40n=275Indicator
BiconomyDeployed
14.5%40n=275Indicator
ZeroDevDeployedzerodev
12.7%35n=275Indicator
thirdwebDeployedthirdweb-ai
0.4%1n=275Indicator
  • A raw deployment count is NEVER an adoption figure. Coinbase Smart Wallet is the same contract behind consumer Coinbase Wallet, and every factory here serves ordinary humans. Read the intersected row instead.
  • This is the only figure on this venue that may be described as adoption, and it is still an indicator rather than proof — an account can hold an agent id without being an agent. Both legs are one-week windows; an account that settled x402 last month does not appear.
  • These factory addresses are not in our confirmed contract set, so they are counted but attributed to no product. The unrecognised share is the honest measure of how much of this market we cannot see.

Polygon

Intersectedsampled smart account that ALSO holds an ERC-8004 agent id or settles x402
0%0n=250Indicator
unrecognised factoriesDeployed
36.6%105n=287Indicator
AlchemyDeployedalchemy
32.8%94n=287Indicator
ZeroDevDeployedzerodev
13.2%38n=287Indicator
BiconomyDeployed
9.8%28n=287Indicator
SafeDeployed
5.6%16n=287Indicator
thirdwebDeployedthirdweb-ai
1%3n=287Indicator
CoinbaseDeployedcoinbase-agentic-wallets
1%3n=287Indicator
  • A raw deployment count is NEVER an adoption figure. Coinbase Smart Wallet is the same contract behind consumer Coinbase Wallet, and every factory here serves ordinary humans. Read the intersected row instead.
  • This is the only figure on this venue that may be described as adoption, and it is still an indicator rather than proof — an account can hold an agent id without being an agent. Both legs are one-week windows; an account that settled x402 last month does not appear.
  • These factory addresses are not in our confirmed contract set, so they are counted but attributed to no product. The unrecognised share is the honest measure of how much of this market we cannot see.

venue-level

coverage gapconfirmed contract with no directory listing to attribute it to
32.4%11Proof
unconfirmed chain coverageadditional chain where the EntryPoint emits AccountDeployed but Phase 0 did not confirm the address
3Inference
  • BNB Chain, Avalanche and Gnosis all returned AccountDeployed events at the confirmed EntryPoint addresses, but Phase 0 confirmed those addresses on Ethereum, Base, Arbitrum, Optimism and Polygon only, and the confirmation standard (bytecode plus the explorer's verified contract name) cannot be met on BNB Chain or Avalanche from keyless sources. Measured rows are restricted to the five confirmed chains; extending them needs a Phase 0-style pass, not a config change.
  • ERC-4337, Safe, Biconomy are measurable on-chain but have no directory listing, so their deployments cannot be attributed to a product here. Separately, five key-management providers (Privy server and embedded, Turnkey, Coinbase CDP Server Wallets, Dynamic, Fireblocks) are structurally unmeasurable: they mint ordinary EOAs, and when their user deploys a smart account the factory belongs to a different company. This leaderboard therefore covers account-abstraction vendors well and wallet-infrastructure vendors not at all.

Confirmed contracts

Every address here was confirmed on-chain twice: bytecode present, and the block explorer's verified contract name matching the claim. A confirmation older than the re-check interval renders as stale rather than as a number that looks current.

ChainContractRoleConfirmed
ArbitrumSafeProxyFactory 1.4.10x4e1DCf7AD4e460CfD30791CCC4F9c8a4f820ec67account-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumZeroDev KernelFactory v3.30x2577507b78c2008Ff367261CB6285d44ba5eF2E9account-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumAlchemy LightAccountFactory v1.1.00x00004EC70002a32400f8ae005A26081065620D20account-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumZeroDev FactoryStaker0xd703aaE79538628d27099B8c4f621bE4CCd142d5meta-factory2026-09-01 · source
Arbitrumthirdweb AccountFactory (candidate B)0x4bE0ddfebcA9A5A4a617dee4DeCe99E7c862dcebaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumCoinbaseSmartWalletFactory v1.10xBA5ED110eFDBa3D005bfC882d75358ACBbB85842account-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumEntryPoint v0.60x5FF137D4b0FDCD49DcA30c7CF57E578a026d2789entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumSafe4337Module v0.3.00x75cf11467937ce3F2f357CE24ffc3DBF8fD5c226module2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumAlchemy LightAccountFactory v2.0.00x0000000000400CdFef5E2714E63d8040b700BC24account-factory2026-09-01 · source
Arbitrumthirdweb DefaultAccountFactory (candidate A)0x85e23b94e7F5E9cC1fF78BCe78cfb15B81f0DF00account-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumBiconomy NexusAccountFactory0x000000226cada0d8b36034F5D5c06855F59F6F3Aaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumEntryPoint v0.70x0000000071727De22E5E9d8BAf0edAc6f37da032entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumSafeProxyFactory 1.3.0 (eip155)0xC22834581EbC8527d974F8a1c97E1bEA4EF910BCaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumAlchemy ModularAccountFactory v2.0.00x00000000000017c61b5bEe81050EC8eFc9c6fecdaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumBiconomy Nexus Account Factory (MEE v2.1.0)0x0000006648ED9B2B842552BE63Af870bC74af837account-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumBiconomy SmartAccountFactory V20x000000a56Aaca3e9a4C479ea6b6CD0DbcB6634F5account-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumEntryPoint v0.80x4337084D9E255Ff0702461CF8895CE9E3b5Ff108entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumSafeProxyFactory 1.3.0 (canonical)0xa6B71E26C5e0845f74c812102Ca7114b6a896AB2account-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumZeroDev KernelFactory v3.10xaac5D4240AF87249B3f71BC8E4A2cae074A3E419account-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumBiconomy Nexus Account Factory (MEE v2.2.1)0x000000002c9A405a196f2dc766F2476B731693c3account-factory2026-09-01 · source
ArbitrumCoinbaseSmartWalletFactory v10x0BA5ED0c6AA8c49038F819E587E2633c4A9F428aaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseCoinbaseSmartWalletFactory v10x0BA5ED0c6AA8c49038F819E587E2633c4A9F428aaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseSafeProxyFactory 1.4.10x4e1DCf7AD4e460CfD30791CCC4F9c8a4f820ec67account-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseBiconomy Nexus Account Factory (MEE v2.2.1)0x000000002c9A405a196f2dc766F2476B731693c3account-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseCoinbaseSmartWalletFactory v1.10xBA5ED110eFDBa3D005bfC882d75358ACBbB85842account-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseBiconomy Nexus Account Factory (MEE v2.1.0)0x0000006648ED9B2B842552BE63Af870bC74af837account-factory2026-09-01 · source
Basethirdweb AccountFactory (candidate B)0x4bE0ddfebcA9A5A4a617dee4DeCe99E7c862dcebaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseBiconomy NexusAccountFactory0x000000226cada0d8b36034F5D5c06855F59F6F3Aaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseBiconomy SmartAccountFactory V20x000000a56Aaca3e9a4C479ea6b6CD0DbcB6634F5account-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseAlchemy LightAccountFactory v1.1.00x00004EC70002a32400f8ae005A26081065620D20account-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseAlchemy LightAccountFactory v2.0.00x0000000000400CdFef5E2714E63d8040b700BC24account-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseAlchemy ModularAccountFactory v2.0.00x00000000000017c61b5bEe81050EC8eFc9c6fecdaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseZeroDev FactoryStaker0xd703aaE79538628d27099B8c4f621bE4CCd142d5meta-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseZeroDev KernelFactory v3.10xaac5D4240AF87249B3f71BC8E4A2cae074A3E419account-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseZeroDev KernelFactory v3.30x2577507b78c2008Ff367261CB6285d44ba5eF2E9account-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseEntryPoint v0.60x5FF137D4b0FDCD49DcA30c7CF57E578a026d2789entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
BaseSafe4337Module v0.3.00x75cf11467937ce3F2f357CE24ffc3DBF8fD5c226module2026-09-01 · source
BaseEntryPoint v0.70x0000000071727De22E5E9d8BAf0edAc6f37da032entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
BaseSafeProxyFactory 1.3.0 (eip155)0xC22834581EbC8527d974F8a1c97E1bEA4EF910BCaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
Basethirdweb DefaultAccountFactory (candidate A)0x85e23b94e7F5E9cC1fF78BCe78cfb15B81f0DF00account-factory2026-09-01 · source
BaseEntryPoint v0.80x4337084D9E255Ff0702461CF8895CE9E3b5Ff108entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
BaseSafeProxyFactory 1.3.0 (canonical)0xa6B71E26C5e0845f74c812102Ca7114b6a896AB2account-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumZeroDev FactoryStaker0xd703aaE79538628d27099B8c4f621bE4CCd142d5meta-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumEntryPoint v0.60x5FF137D4b0FDCD49DcA30c7CF57E578a026d2789entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
EthereumEntryPoint v0.70x0000000071727De22E5E9d8BAf0edAc6f37da032entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
EthereumEntryPoint v0.80x4337084D9E255Ff0702461CF8895CE9E3b5Ff108entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
EthereumCoinbaseSmartWalletFactory v10x0BA5ED0c6AA8c49038F819E587E2633c4A9F428aaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumCoinbaseSmartWalletFactory v1.10xBA5ED110eFDBa3D005bfC882d75358ACBbB85842account-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumSafeProxyFactory 1.4.10x4e1DCf7AD4e460CfD30791CCC4F9c8a4f820ec67account-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumSafeProxyFactory 1.3.0 (canonical)0xa6B71E26C5e0845f74c812102Ca7114b6a896AB2account-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumSafeProxyFactory 1.3.0 (eip155)0xC22834581EbC8527d974F8a1c97E1bEA4EF910BCaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumSafe4337Module v0.3.00x75cf11467937ce3F2f357CE24ffc3DBF8fD5c226module2026-09-01 · source
EthereumZeroDev KernelFactory v3.30x2577507b78c2008Ff367261CB6285d44ba5eF2E9account-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumZeroDev KernelFactory v3.10xaac5D4240AF87249B3f71BC8E4A2cae074A3E419account-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumAlchemy ModularAccountFactory v2.0.00x00000000000017c61b5bEe81050EC8eFc9c6fecdaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumAlchemy LightAccountFactory v2.0.00x0000000000400CdFef5E2714E63d8040b700BC24account-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumAlchemy LightAccountFactory v1.1.00x00004EC70002a32400f8ae005A26081065620D20account-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumBiconomy SmartAccountFactory V20x000000a56Aaca3e9a4C479ea6b6CD0DbcB6634F5account-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumBiconomy NexusAccountFactory0x000000226cada0d8b36034F5D5c06855F59F6F3Aaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumBiconomy Nexus Account Factory (MEE v2.1.0)0x0000006648ED9B2B842552BE63Af870bC74af837account-factory2026-09-01 · source
EthereumBiconomy Nexus Account Factory (MEE v2.2.1)0x000000002c9A405a196f2dc766F2476B731693c3account-factory2026-09-01 · source
Ethereumthirdweb DefaultAccountFactory (candidate A)0x85e23b94e7F5E9cC1fF78BCe78cfb15B81f0DF00account-factory2026-09-01 · source
Ethereumthirdweb AccountFactory (candidate B)0x4bE0ddfebcA9A5A4a617dee4DeCe99E7c862dcebaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismSafeProxyFactory 1.3.0 (canonical)0xa6B71E26C5e0845f74c812102Ca7114b6a896AB2account-factory2026-09-01 · source
Optimismthirdweb AccountFactory (candidate B)0x4bE0ddfebcA9A5A4a617dee4DeCe99E7c862dcebaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismBiconomy NexusAccountFactory0x000000226cada0d8b36034F5D5c06855F59F6F3Aaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismBiconomy SmartAccountFactory V20x000000a56Aaca3e9a4C479ea6b6CD0DbcB6634F5account-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismAlchemy ModularAccountFactory v2.0.00x00000000000017c61b5bEe81050EC8eFc9c6fecdaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismBiconomy Nexus Account Factory (MEE v2.2.1)0x000000002c9A405a196f2dc766F2476B731693c3account-factory2026-09-01 · source
Optimismthirdweb DefaultAccountFactory (candidate A)0x85e23b94e7F5E9cC1fF78BCe78cfb15B81f0DF00account-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismAlchemy LightAccountFactory v1.1.00x00004EC70002a32400f8ae005A26081065620D20account-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismAlchemy LightAccountFactory v2.0.00x0000000000400CdFef5E2714E63d8040b700BC24account-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismEntryPoint v0.80x4337084D9E255Ff0702461CF8895CE9E3b5Ff108entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
OptimismSafeProxyFactory 1.3.0 (eip155)0xC22834581EbC8527d974F8a1c97E1bEA4EF910BCaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismZeroDev KernelFactory v3.30x2577507b78c2008Ff367261CB6285d44ba5eF2E9account-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismEntryPoint v0.60x5FF137D4b0FDCD49DcA30c7CF57E578a026d2789entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
OptimismSafe4337Module v0.3.00x75cf11467937ce3F2f357CE24ffc3DBF8fD5c226module2026-09-01 · source
OptimismSafeProxyFactory 1.4.10x4e1DCf7AD4e460CfD30791CCC4F9c8a4f820ec67account-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismCoinbaseSmartWalletFactory v10x0BA5ED0c6AA8c49038F819E587E2633c4A9F428aaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismZeroDev KernelFactory v3.10xaac5D4240AF87249B3f71BC8E4A2cae074A3E419account-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismEntryPoint v0.70x0000000071727De22E5E9d8BAf0edAc6f37da032entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
OptimismCoinbaseSmartWalletFactory v1.10xBA5ED110eFDBa3D005bfC882d75358ACBbB85842account-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismBiconomy Nexus Account Factory (MEE v2.1.0)0x0000006648ED9B2B842552BE63Af870bC74af837account-factory2026-09-01 · source
OptimismZeroDev FactoryStaker0xd703aaE79538628d27099B8c4f621bE4CCd142d5meta-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonSafeProxyFactory 1.4.10x4e1DCf7AD4e460CfD30791CCC4F9c8a4f820ec67account-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonSafeProxyFactory 1.3.0 (eip155)0xC22834581EbC8527d974F8a1c97E1bEA4EF910BCaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonEntryPoint v0.60x5FF137D4b0FDCD49DcA30c7CF57E578a026d2789entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
PolygonSafe4337Module v0.3.00x75cf11467937ce3F2f357CE24ffc3DBF8fD5c226module2026-09-01 · source
PolygonZeroDev KernelFactory v3.30x2577507b78c2008Ff367261CB6285d44ba5eF2E9account-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonBiconomy Nexus Account Factory (MEE v2.2.1)0x000000002c9A405a196f2dc766F2476B731693c3account-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonZeroDev KernelFactory v3.10xaac5D4240AF87249B3f71BC8E4A2cae074A3E419account-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonZeroDev FactoryStaker0xd703aaE79538628d27099B8c4f621bE4CCd142d5meta-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonAlchemy ModularAccountFactory v2.0.00x00000000000017c61b5bEe81050EC8eFc9c6fecdaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonAlchemy LightAccountFactory v2.0.00x0000000000400CdFef5E2714E63d8040b700BC24account-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonAlchemy LightAccountFactory v1.1.00x00004EC70002a32400f8ae005A26081065620D20account-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonBiconomy SmartAccountFactory V20x000000a56Aaca3e9a4C479ea6b6CD0DbcB6634F5account-factory2026-09-01 · source
Polygonthirdweb DefaultAccountFactory (candidate A)0x85e23b94e7F5E9cC1fF78BCe78cfb15B81f0DF00account-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonBiconomy NexusAccountFactory0x000000226cada0d8b36034F5D5c06855F59F6F3Aaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
Polygonthirdweb AccountFactory (candidate B)0x4bE0ddfebcA9A5A4a617dee4DeCe99E7c862dcebaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonCoinbaseSmartWalletFactory v1.10xBA5ED110eFDBa3D005bfC882d75358ACBbB85842account-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonBiconomy Nexus Account Factory (MEE v2.1.0)0x0000006648ED9B2B842552BE63Af870bC74af837account-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonCoinbaseSmartWalletFactory v10x0BA5ED0c6AA8c49038F819E587E2633c4A9F428aaccount-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonEntryPoint v0.80x4337084D9E255Ff0702461CF8895CE9E3b5Ff108entrypoint2026-09-01 · source
PolygonSafeProxyFactory 1.3.0 (canonical)0xa6B71E26C5e0845f74c812102Ca7114b6a896AB2account-factory2026-09-01 · source
PolygonEntryPoint v0.70x0000000071727De22E5E9d8BAf0edAc6f37da032entrypoint2026-09-01 · source

What this page cannot settle

  • Severe. Coinbase Smart Wallet is the same contract behind consumer Coinbase Wallet, so a raw count is a retail metric. Deployment is also not attributable to whichever service triggered it.
  • Headline safety: Never at stage 1. Raw deployment counts may appear only as context, labelled as total deployments including humans.
  • Every method here is EVM-shaped. Solana is not covered by any measurement on this page.

Take the data: JSON · CSV (CC-BY).